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RESEARCH PROGRAM 03

Marine Ecosystem & Biodiversity Intelligence

Study marine life, from coral reefs to microbes.

Our Ocean Science colleagues study coral reefs, marine biodiversity and microbial communities in Hong Kong and beyond. This program connects their research with marine AI and observation at CMI.

SUB-DIRECTION 01

Coral Reef Ecosystems

How ocean physics and biogeochemistry shape coral reefs, and how AI can help monitor them.

Research focus

  • Internal waves & reef refuges

    Cooler water that may buffer reefs from warming.

  • Feeding & resource use

    What marine species feed on and depend on.

  • AI-assisted reef monitoring

    Analysing coral reef video with AI.

Diagram comparing a coral reef slope without and with internal waves: internal waves cool the reef and create climate change refuges, but strong waves might limit reef depths
Internal waves can cool coral reefs and create thermal refuges. Image: Alex Wyatt
A diver swimming over a coral reef to maintain water temperature loggers
Maintaining reef temperature loggers at Iriomote Island, Japan. Image: HKUST

Led by Alex Wyatt

Internal Waves & Coral Reef Climate Refuges

Whether reefs cooled by internal waves can act as refuges from ocean warming.

RGC GRF & Early Career Scheme · 2020–

Faculty profile ↗

Led by Alex Wyatt

Feeding Specialisations of Marine Species

How individuals and species differ in the food resources they depend on.

RGC General Research Fund · 2023–

Faculty profile ↗

Led by Sai-Kit Yeung, with Alex Wyatt Joint project

Coral Reef Monitoring & Alerting System

Marine AI and coral reef expertise combined to analyse reef video.

Environment and Conservation Fund · 2026–2028

HKUST Research Portal ↗

SUB-DIRECTION 02

eDNA & Biodiversity Monitoring

Using DNA traces in water and sediment to track marine life in Hong Kong, where turbid water limits what divers and cameras can see.

Research focus

  • Water eDNA surveys

    Which organisms are present, from water samples.

  • Sedimentary eDNA

    Past communities from DNA in sediments.

  • DNA metabarcoding

    Many species identified from one sample.

Researchers on a small boat collecting water samples near a rocky shore
Water sampling at Yan Chau Tong. Image: Charmaine Yung’s lab
A clownfish among the tentacles of a sea anemone
Reef life. Image: Charmaine Yung’s lab
Diagram: eDNA sampling at a rocky shore and water filtration, an eDNA time series, and a reconstructed ecological interaction network of fish species
From eDNA samples to species networks. Image: Masayuki Ushio’s lab

Led by Masayuki Ushio

eDNA Monitoring of Cetaceans

An eDNA framework for monitoring dolphins and porpoises in Hong Kong.

RGC General Research Fund · 2024–2027

Ushio Lab research ↗

Led by Masayuki Ushio

Past Coastal Communities from Sediment eDNA

How Hong Kong’s coastal communities have changed, read from seabed DNA.

RGC General Research Fund · 2025–2028

Ushio Lab research ↗

Led by Masayuki Ushio

Harmful Algal Bloom Species

Where and when harmful algal bloom species occur in Hong Kong waters.

Environment and Conservation Fund · 2024–2026

Faculty profile ↗

Led by Charmaine Yung, with Alex Wyatt

Coral Cover & Reef Fish Diversity from eDNA

Linking coral and reef fish diversity in Hong Kong using eDNA.

Hong Kong Offshore LNG Terminal · 2022–2024

Yung Lab research ↗

Charmaine Yung’s lab

eDNA Monitoring of Fish Restocking

Following juvenile fish released at Yan Chau Tong Marine Park through water samples, for AFCD.

With AFCD · 2025

Read the lab news ↗

SUB-DIRECTION 03

Marine Microbial Ecology

How microbes, viruses and plankton in coastal seas respond to environmental change and human activity.

Research focus

  • Viruses & phytoplankton

    How viruses and grazers shape algal communities.

  • Coastal microbial communities

    How microbes change over time and place.

  • Antibiotic resistance

    Resistance genes in marine fish and their surroundings.

Graphical abstract: monthly field sampling in Hong Kong waters, data collection, and major results at the microbial community and genome level
A coastal microbial study, from field sampling to community- and genome-level results. Image: Charmaine Yung’s lab

Led by Charmaine Yung

Viruses, Grazers & Phytoplankton

How viruses and grazers shape phytoplankton and microbial communities.

RGC GRF & Early Career Scheme · 2021–

Yung Lab research ↗

Led by Charmaine Yung

Diatoms Living on Seagrass

The diversity and temperature sensitivity of diatoms on seagrass.

RGC General Research Fund · 2025–

Faculty profile ↗

Led by Stanley Lau

Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Marine Fish

Whether farmed and wild fish carry resistance genes into the food chain.

RGC General Research Fund · 2024–

Faculty profile ↗

Connections with other programs

01

Marine AI & Ocean Understanding

Marine AI supports reef monitoring, such as the joint coral reef video project.

02

Marine Embodied Intelligence & Systems

Robots and sensors collect underwater observations.

04

Marine Conservation, Restoration & Nature-based Solutions

Biodiversity monitoring can help evaluate restoration.